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Higher education institutions in Germany include full universities, higher professional colleges, normal colleges and music and art colleges.
The integral university is often called Universität, with a focus on teaching and research. This type of school can be awarded to Diplom, Magister Artium and Doctor. Higher professional universities, commonly known as Fachhochschule, focus on cultivating applied talents, and students can earn a Diploma in Higher Professional Studies (Diplom FH) after 4-5 years of professional study.
The teaching language of German universities is mainly German, and some universities have gradually opened international English teaching courses in recent years. Admission to foreign students generally requires a German language (DSH) test or a German as a foreign language test (Daf test). German universities are two semesters per academic year, from October to February and from April to July.
German universities and research institutions are very diverse. There are more than 380 colleges and universities, and the total number of registered students exceeds 2 million. Among them, 109 universities (Universität, including polytechnic universities, normal universities, etc.); 217 universities of applied sciences (Fachhochschule); 55 art and music schools. There are more than 15,000 specializations in various colleges and universities.
When we talk about a good university in China, we first think of Tsinghua University and Peking University. What are the good universities and specialties in Germany?
The German Elite University, derived from the German University Excellence Program (in German: Exzellenzinitiative), was initiated by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the German Science Foundation, and implemented a five-year continuous system to promote promotion of the scientific and academic research of German universities. Innovative plans
The program includes funding for a distinguished university in particular, research funding for young researchers featured in a particular university, strengthening collaboration between university projects and strengthening collaborative research between German universities and academic institutions and international universities. There are three levels of funding for the Excellence Program: the elite university (Zukunftskonzepte), the elite research group (Exzellenzcluster) and the elite graduate school (Graduiertenschule).
Let’s take a look at the eleven elite universities in Germany, which are excellent professions and fields!
I. Aachen Technological University (RWTH Aachen)
The Aachen Technological University (RWTH Aachen), founded in 1870 in North Rhine-Westphalia, is one of Germany’s leading science and engineering universities and one of the best science and engineering universities in the world.
The Aachen Technological University is ranked 167th in the US World News Ranking. UU. Of 2018, the 144th place in the World Ranking of Universities in 2019 and 79 in the world ranking of the Thames University. The 29th of the world. In the «German Economic Weekly» university ranking, the Aachen Technological University occupies the first place in Germany in mechanical engineering, economic engineering and information, and the third in natural sciences in Germany. In the rankings of the German Science Foundation and the German National Academic Council, the strength of scientific research and the financing of electrical engineering rank first in Germany. In the 2017 World Ranking of QS Universities, mechanical engineering at the Aquisgrán Technological University is ranked 24th in the world.
The highest level of education has led many companies known as Microsoft, Ford, Ericsson, Philips and United Technologies to establish a branch in Aachen. Mitsubishi has established a European semiconductor center nearby to absorb talent. Tsinghua University has also established a strategic partnership with the Technological University of Aachen.
Second, the Free University of Berlin (Freie Universität Berlin)
The Free University of Berlin (in German: Freie Universität Berlin) was founded in 1948 and was previously known as the University of Berlin, in the German capital of Berlin. It is the largest public university in the city of Berlin. The school is the first university in Germany to win the German elite university degree and is one of the most famous universities in continental Europe and even the world.
A total of five students in the history of the Free University of Berlin won the Nobel Prize, including Hertha Miller (Nobel Prize for Literature 2009), Gerhard Etter (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2007) and Oe Kenjiro (1994) Nobel Prize for Literature) , Reinhard Zellten (1994 Nobel Prize in Economics), Ernst Luska (1986 Nobel Prize in Physics).
In January 2006, the German Science Foundation (DFG) and the Scientific Committee were among the short lists of German elite universities in Bonn, and the Free University of Berlin was among them. On October 19, 2007, the second batch of «elite universities» was finally announced in the first round of Germany. The Free University of Berlin officially became one of the nine elite universities in Germany. In 2012, the Free University of Berlin continued to be chosen as one of the 11 elite universities in Germany. It ranks 130th in the QS World University Rankings in 2019 and 51-60 in the Times Global University Rankings in 2014. The Times Higher Education Supplement ranked 72nd in the Global University Rankings 2015-2016 (of which The Arts and The humanities are ranked 18th in the world, the first in Germany and 41 in the world in social sciences.
Third, the Humboldt University of Berlin (Freie Universität Berlin)
Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, formerly known as the University of Berlin, the world academic center before World War II. Founded in 1810. It is the most important university in the world and the German elite university. The Humboldt University of Berlin has produced 29 Nobel Prize winners in history. Einstein, Planck, Hegel, Born, Hertz, Haber, Schrödinger, Weber, Schopenhauer, Schelling, Heine, Wagner and many other academic teachers have taught at the school. .
Humboldt University is the first new university in the world that combines scientific research and teaching. It has a very glorious history and is known as the «mother of modern universities.» It combines teaching and research, academic freedom, freedom of education. Humboldt’s spirit of freedom of learning also affects almost all modern universities.
The University of Humboldt has a great reputation and a solid capacity for scientific research in the field of humanities. His literature, neuroscience, philosophy, sociology and natural sciences are among the best in the world. The law school of Humboldt University is the best law school. One.
In the 2015-2016 Times World University Rankings (Times), the Humboldt University of Berlin ranked 49th in the world. In 2019, QS World University ranked 121.
4. University of Bremen (Universität Bremen)
The University of Bremen (Universität Bremen) is one of the most prestigious universities in Germany and was selected as the «German Elite University» in 2012. The University of Bremen is particularly known in the field of marine earth sciences and sciences social. Marine earth sciences are world renowned, and social sciences have become the only elite graduate schools in the elite assessment of the German elite. At the same time, the University of Bremen is in law, machinery manufacturing, computer intelligence, aviation, logistics and other fields also enjoy a great reputation.
The predecessor of the University of Bremen was the Latin School of Bremen, built in 1584. In 1610, it became a university specialized in the teaching of law, medicine and philosophy until the end of the 18th century. In 1810 and 1811, during the reign of Napoleon, it was called the University of Bremen, France. In 1948 he changed to the International University of Bremen. In 1971, it was officially renamed the University of Bremen as a reform university, so the University of Bremen is a school with a long history and a young university.
V. Dresden University of Technology (Technische Universität Dresden)
Technische Universität Dresden, founded in 1828, is located in Dresden, the capital of the German state of Saxony, known as the «European Valley», one of the eleven «Elite-Uni-Elite Universities» in Germany, Germany One of the nine members TU9 of the Alliance of the Polytechnic University, one of the six Cooperative Alliances of the European Aerospace University PEGASUS, one of the seven universities in Germany, the main industrial managers of TIME Europe and the European Association CESAER of Universities of Research and Higher Education in Engineering. One of the ten universities, one of the six universities in the European Qualcomm Innovation Awards, one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology universities since the European Industrial Revolution.
Dresden University of Technology opened 124 specialties to become the most complete comprehensive university in Germany, with 36,962 students (2013), 7800 school staff members ranked second in Germany, the largest in Saxony One of the universities. The school consists of three main campuses and sub-campus areas distributed throughout the city. In 1994, he first advocated and launched a patent initiative at German universities. In 2009, he advocated and launched the «Dresden Concept Alliance» consisting of 14 leading cultural and scientific institutions and more than a dozen museums and libraries.
As the only university in Germany that cooperates with the German research institute Leibniz, the Max Planck Society, the Helmholtz Society and the Fraunhofer Institute, in 2012, it was funded by a third-party project funded by 227 million euros. Third place in 384 universities.
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